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‘Hydro’ is a purpose written, hydraulic design program modelled on differential calculus for non-uniform flow in open channels. The program was further refined with empirical data, following a series of experiments modelling lateral intake into trenches. Analysis of the effect of slope, run length, and trench cross sectional profiles were incorporated into the program.

Complex scenarios such as the effects of water inflow from downpipes or inlets along the length of the trench can also be modelled by the ‘Hydro’ program. ACO can use ‘Hydro’ to recommend optimum outlet positions along trench runs.

To generate results from the ‘Hydro’ program, the following information is required:

• Length of trench run (metres)
• Length and width of catchment area (metres)
• Surrounding pavement/surface type, e.g., concrete, asphalt, etc.
• Rainfall intensity (mm/hr)
• Ground fall along trench (%)
• Perpendicular approach slopes to trench (%)
• Preferred position of outlets along trench and any outlet size restrictions
• Any slab depth restrictions

Results are provided either electronically (PDF) and/or in printout format.

'Hydro' plot shows:

Position and size of minimum 'freeboard' (gap between the underside of grate and the top of liquid in trench).

The hydraulic profile of the liquid

Flow velocity and flow rate at all points along the trench

Discharge flowrate capacity of the channel run. (14.75 l/s from example below)

Hydraulic utilisation of trench (%) is given. If over 100% flooding occurs. (71.35% from example below)

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ACO has independently measured, by experimentation, the hydraulic intake capacities of ACO Drain grates. Tests were carried out under varying flow rates and catchment approach slopes. To determine the hydraulic utilisation, each grate was tested until bypass occurred (point at which liquids would pass across grate).

The Grating Intake Calculator (GIC) provides information on the intake efficiency of the chosen grate. If the required liquid intake is greater than the grate’s performance, the extent of bypass (or failure) will be calculated. (click here for more info)

To generate results from the ‘GIC’ program the following information is required:

• Length of trench run (metres)
• Length and width of catchment area (metres)
• Position of trench in catchment area
• Surrounding pavement/surface type, e.g., concrete, asphalt, etc.
• Rainfall intensity (mm/hr)
• Perpendicular approach slopes to trench (%)
• Preferred grate type

Results are provided either electronically (PDF) and/or in printout format.

'GIC' plots shows:

Catchment geometry and hydraulics

Head of water approaching grate

Additional notes relating to grate performance

Recommended grate information

Total intake area per metre of trench run

Hydraulic utilisation of grate (100% means all grate intake capacity is used)

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CAD Design Service

ACO can provide a cost-effective surface drainage solution to satisfy a project’s design requirements. Trench drain layouts will be designed to take full advantage of existing and proposed site grades, utilising existing services where possible.

In order to produce a plan layout, the following information is required:

• Plan of site showing elevations
• Existence of any depth restrictions
• Position and type of any plumbing fixtures/outlets
• Position of any permanent structures
• Liquid flow pattern and type of traffic (including traffic flow)

Results provided are:

• Plan layouts (CAD) showing the trench drain positions relative to site structures
• Installation drawings and specifications

CAD printout provides:

Plan view of trench run layout   Liquid flow directions   Position and type of outlet   Trench and grate type Download details for all products, loadings and pavements at www.acoaus.com.au/

'Scheduler' plot provides: Profile view of trench run   Direction change - e.g., 90o corner or junction   Positions and types of outlets   Detailed Bill of Materials to ensure all parts are correctly ordered

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Temporary ponding is a short lived flood situation, which, in some circumstances, can be tolerated allowing an intentionally undersized trench drain system. It allows a more economical system to be used that will work effectively under most weather conditions, but will be slightly under designed for heavy storms.

Ponding analysis should only be considered where buildings and property are not in close proximity to the drainage system to minimise risk of damage. It is an ideal option for the outer areas of large parking lots, distribution yards, etc., (Risk Analysis).

The ponding analysis map shows the size and duration of the flood.

In order to produce a ponding analysis, the following information is required:

• Full information required to run the 'Hydro' plot
• Plan of site showing elevations
• Existence of any buildings
• Perpendicular approach slopes to trench (%)

Results provided are:

• Plot showing extent of ponding: width and depth

Ponding analysis shows:

Design discharge

Trench drain size and type

Run-off scenario

Width of temporary ponding

Visual map of worst ponding scenario

Project notes